THERE
IS NO WAY THAT TOM REALE, IN JULY OF 1970, WOULD HAVE BEEN THAT UPSET
ON THAT NIGHT OF THE FIREWORKS; IF HE WAS NOT ALL PART OF WHAT
HAPPENED THE YEAR BEFORE THAT; AND WAS NOT ALSO A MEMBER OF THE GREAT
AND POWERFUL (ESS) EXPLORATRONIC
SUPERMIND
SOCIETY!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
Goiter
Publish Date: Jun 4, 2012
What is the thyroid gland?
The thyroid gland is a butterfly-shaped endocrine gland that
is normally located in the lower front of the neck. The
thyroid’s job is to make thyroid hormones, which are secreted
into the blood and then carried to every tissue in the body.
Thyroid hormone helps the body use energy, stay warm and keep
the brain, heart, muscles, and other organs working as they
should.
What are the symptoms of a goiter?
The term “goiter” simply refers to the abnormal
enlargement of the thyroid gland. It is important to know that
the presence of a goiter does not necessarily mean that the
thyroid gland is malfunctioning. A goiter can occur in a gland
that is producing too much hormone (hyperthyroidism), too
little hormone (hypothyroidism), or the correct amount of
hormone (euthyroidism). A goiter indicates there is a condition
present which is causing the thyroid to grow abnormally.
HOW YOU CAN HELP
A
tax-deductible contribution to the American Thyroid
Association supports valuable patient education and crucial
thyroid research. New discoveries
and better understanding will translate into improved ways to prevent, diagnose, and treat thyroid disease.
A
tax-deductible contribution to the American Thyroid
Association supports valuable patient education and crucial
thyroid research. New discoveriesand better understanding will translate into improved ways to prevent, diagnose, and treat thyroid disease.
What causes a goiter?
One of the most common causes of goiter formation worldwide
is iodine deficiency. While this was a very frequent cause of
goiter in the United States many years ago, it is no longer
commonly observed. The primary activity of the thyroid gland is
to concentrate iodine from the blood to make thyroid hormone.
The gland cannot make enough thyroid hormone if it does not
have enough iodine. Therefore, with iodine deficiency the
individual will become hypothyroid. Consequently, the pituitary
gland in the brain senses the thyroid hormone level is too low
and sends a signal to the thyroid. This signal is called
thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH). As the name implies, this
hormone stimulates the thyroid to produce thyroid hormone and
to grow in size. This abnormal growth in size produces what is
termed a “goiter.” Thus, iodine deficiency is one cause of
goiter development. Wherever iodine deficiency is common,
goiter will be common. It remains a common cause of goiters in
other parts of the world.
Hashimoto’s thyroiditis is a more common cause of goiter
formation in the US. This is an autoimmune condition in which
there is destruction of the thyroid gland by one’s own immune
system. As the gland becomes more damaged, it is less able to
make adequate supplies of thyroid hormone. The pituitary gland
senses a low thyroid hormone level and secretes more TSH to
stimulate the thyroid. This stimulation causes the thyroid to
grow, which may produce a goiter.
Another common cause of goiter is Graves’ disease. In this
case, one’s immune system produces a protein, called thyroid
stimulating immunoglobulin (TSI). As with TSH, TSI stimulates
the thyroid gland to enlarge producing a goiter. However, TSI
also stimulates the thyroid to make too much thyroid hormone
(causes hyperthyroidism). Since the pituitary senses too much
thyroid hormone, it stops secreting TSH. In spite of this the
thyroid gland continues to grow and make thyroid hormone.
Therefore, Graves’ disease produces a goiter and
hyperthyroidism.
Multinodular goiters are another common cause of goiters.
Individuals with this disorder have one or more nodules within
the gland which cause thyroid enlargement. This is often
detected as a nodular feeling gland on physical exam. Patients
can present with a single large nodule or with multiple smaller
nodules in the gland when first detected (see Thyroid
Nodule brochure). Thus, in early stages of a
multinodular goiter with many small nodules, the overall size
of the thyroid may not be enlarged yet. Unlike the other
goiters discussed, the cause of this type of goiter is not well
understood.
In addition to the common causes of goiter, there are many
other less common causes. Some of these are due to genetic
defects, others are related to injury or infections in the
thyroid, and some are due to tumors (both cancerous and benign
tumors).
How do you diagnose a Goiter?
As mentioned earlier, the diagnosis of a goiter is usually
made at the time of a physical examination when an enlargement
of the thyroid is found. However, the presence of a goiter
indicates there is an abnormality of the thyroid gland.
Therefore, it is important to determine the cause of the
goiter. As a first step, you will likely have thyroid function
tests to determine if your thyroid is underactive or overactive
(see Thyroid
Function Tests brochure). Any subsequent tests
performed will be dependent upon the results of the thyroid
function tests.
If the thyroid is diffusely enlarged and you are
hyperthyroid, your doctor will likely proceed with tests to
help diagnose Graves’ Disease (see Graves’
Disease brochure). If you are hypothyroid, you
may have Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis (see Hypothyroidism
brochure) and you may get additional blood
tests to confirm this diagnosis. Other tests used to help
diagnose the cause of the goiter may include a radioactive
iodine scan, thyroid ultrasound, or a fine needle aspiration
biopsy (see Thyroid
Nodule brochure).
How is a goiter treated?
The treatment will depend upon the cause of the goiter. If
the goiter was due to a deficiency of iodine in the diet (not
common in the United States), you will be given iodine
supplementation given in preparations to take by mouth. This
will lead to a reduction in the size of the goiter, but often
the goiter will not completely resolve.
If the goiter is due to Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis, and you
are hypothyroid, you will be given thyroid hormone supplement
as a daily pill. This treatment will restore your thyroid
hormone levels to normal, but does not usually make the goiter
go completely away. While the goiter may get smaller, sometimes
there is too much scar tissue in the gland to allow it to get
much smaller. However, thyroid hormone treatment will usually
prevent it from getting any larger. Although appropriate in
some individuals, surgery is usually not routine treatment of
thyroiditis.
If the goiter is due to hyperthyroidism, the treatment will
depend upon the cause of the hyperthyroidism (see
Hyperthyroidism
and Graves’
disease brochures). For some causes of
hyperthyroidism, the treatment may lead to a disappearance of
the goiter. For example, treatment of Graves’ disease with
radioactive iodine usually leads to a decrease or disappearance
of the goiter.
Many goiters, such as the multinodular goiter, are
associated with normal levels of thyroid hormone in the blood.
These goiters usually do not require any specific treatment
after the appropriate diagnosis is made. If no specific
treatment is suggested, you may be warned that you are at risk
for becoming hypothyroid or hyperthyroid in the future.
However, if there are problems associated with the size of the
thyroid per se, such as the goiter getting so large that it
constricts the airway, your doctor may suggest that the goiter
be treated by surgical removal.
Whatever the cause, it is important to have regular (annual)
monitoring when diagnosed with a goiter.
Further Information
Further details on this and other thyroid-related topics are
available in the patient information section on the American
Thyroid Association® website at
www.thyroid.org.
Goiter
Brochure for Saving and Printing (PDF File, 390
KB)
Goiter
Brochure for Saving and Printing (PDF File, 156
KB)
Published in Goiter
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Original text
Contribute a better translation
HALLS
WALLS, CHAPTER 30
Somebody back in the
nineteen eighties did not want me to die of my AIDS that I got in
1977. This same ''somebody'' didn't want me to get killed in the
Vietnam war in the early seventies. No normal powerful person or
group can do these kind of powerful things. But some force did in
fact stop me from going into the war, and from dying of a serious
immune problem, that I contracted while at the Mars Graphic Services
job of Westville, New Jersey. I have a million questions, and very
few answers. But the pieces have been slowly coming together for a
number of years now, and someone out here, ladies and gentlemen, does
not like this one little bit.
The
side effect of what was done to cure my fucking AIDS, was what I have
been suffering through ever since late springtime of 1983, while
residing at 134 Norris Avenue, Atco, New Jersey. Dots all connect in
this cosmos. There is no way I plan to ignore a single one of them.
But then, don't put me through too much stress. Kind folks, my
father's rotten DNA seems to crack under that, for reasons only the
almighty and the residents of Sahasra Dal Kanwal will ever really
know, breath echos and all, huh Thyroid Institute and Organization?
W—O—W Mister fucking MACY! Yeah I know, I wrote ''depression'' on
that prior blog, you all know I meant to fucking write in
''anxiety''. I reversed the two again right now, people. This is not
a brain disorder, but ETTOS to make me look like a fucking cunt
Doctor Bruce time-traveling NUTCASE
Goldberg!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
DECEMBER
27, 2013,
WEDNESDATY
MORNING AT 8:49,
HERE
IN FORT PIERCE, FLORIDA,
CURRENT
TEMPERATURE 62 DEGREES FNHT.
RANGE
TODAY--------(H-66/L-60).
HUMIDITY
IS 96. WIND CHILL IS 62.
I
DON'T REMEMBER AN APRIL THIS COLD SINCE 2010.
All
dots connect, from weather records, to whether you woke
up, tripped on the dog, and your cat threw up. All things are nothing
but void infinity. That is the only mother fucking thing that's real.
Ain't this all grand?
“THE
END”.
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